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. 1051Breast (sth~qov).From i[sthmi, to cause to stand.Hence, that whichstands out.In later writings John was known as oJ ejpisth>qiov, the one onthe breast, or the bosom friend.26.To whom I shall give a sop when I have dipped it (w|+ ejgwyav toon ejpidw>sw).The best texts read w+| ejgwyw toon kaisw aujtw|~, for whom I shall dip the sop and give it him.Sop (ywmi>on).Only in this chapter.Diminutive from ywmo>v, a morsel,which, in turn, is from ya>w, to rub, or to crumble.Homer, of the Cyclops: Then from his mouth came bits (ywmoi>) of human fleshMingled with wine. Odyssey, ix., 374.And Xenophon: And on one occasion having seen one of his companionsat table tasting many dishes with one bit (ywmw|~) of bread ( Memorabilia, 3:14, 15).The kindred verb ywmi>zw, rendered feed,occurs Romans 12:20; 1 Corinthians 13:3.See also Septuagint, Psalms79:5; 80:16.According to its etymology, the verb means to feed withmorsels; and it was used by the Greeks of a nurse chewing the food andadministering it to an infant.So Aristophanes: And one laid the child torest, and another bathed it, and another fed (ejyw>misen) it ( Lysistrate, 19, 20).This sense may possibly color the word as used in Romans 12:20: If thine enemy hunger, feed (yw>mize) him; with tender care.In 1Corinthians 13:3, the original sense appears to be emphasized: Though Ibestow all my goods to feed the poor (ywmi>sw). This idea is that ofdoling away in morsels.Dean Stanley says: Who that has witnessed thealmsgiving in a Catholic monastery, or the court of a Spanish or Sicilianbishop s or archbishop s palace, where immense revenues are syringedaway in farthings to herds of beggars, but must feel the force of theApostle s half satirical ywmi>sw? Dipped the sop.Compare Matthew 26:23; Mark 14:20.The regular sopof the Paschal supper consisted of the following things wrapped together:flesh of the Paschal lamb, a piece of unleavened bread, and bitter herbs.The sauce into which it was dipped does not belong to the original 1052institution, but had been introduced before the days of Christ.Accordingto one authority it consisted of only vinegar and water (compare Ruth2:14); others describe it as a mixture of vinegar, figs, dates, almonds, andspice.The flour which was used to thicken the sauce on ordinaryoccasions was forbidden at the Passover by the Rabbins, lest it mightoccasion a slight fermentation.According to some, the sauce was beatenup to the consistence of mortar, in order to commemorate the toils of theIsraelites in laying bricks in Egypt.To Judas Iscariot the son of Simon (Iou>da| Si>mwnov Iskariw>th|).The best texts read Iskariw>tou. Judas the son of Simon Iscariot. So6:71.The act was a mark of forbearance and goodwill toward the traitor,and a tacit appeal to his conscience against the contemplated treachery.27.Then (to>te).With a peculiar emphasis, marking the decisive point atwhich Judas was finally committed to his dark deed.The token ofgoodwill which Jesus had offered, if it did not soften his heart wouldharden it; and Judas appears to have so interpreted it as to confirm him inhis purpose.Satan.The only occurrence of the word in this Gospel.Into him (eijv ejkei~non).The pronoun of remote reference sets Judasapart from the company of the disciples.Quickly (ta>cion).Literally, more quickly.The comparative implies acommand to hasten his work, which was already begun.29.The bag.See on 12:6.Buy (ajgo>rason).An incidental argument in favor of this gathering of thedisciples having taken place on the evening of the Paschal feast.Had itbeen on the previous evening, no one would have thought of Judas goingout at night to buy provisions for the feast, when there was the whole ofthe next day for it, nor would they have thought of his going out to seekthe poor at that hour.The 15th Nisan, the time of the Passovercelebration, was indeed invested with the sanctity of a Sabbath; but 1053provision and preparation of the needful food was expressly allowed onthat day.The Rabbinical rules even provided for the procuring of thePaschal lamb on the Passover eve when that happened to fall on theSabbath.Against the feast (eijv thn).Rev., better, for the feast.ThePassover feast.The meal of which they had been partaking was thepreliminary meal, at the close of which the Passover was celebrated; justas, subsequently, the Eucharist was celebrated at the close of the Agape, orlove-feast.Notice the different word, eJorth>, feast, instead of dei~pnon,supper, and the article with feast.To the poor.Perhaps to help them procure their Paschal lamb.30.He (ejkei~nov).See on ver.27.31.Now.Marking a crisis, at which Jesus is relieved of the presence of thetraitor, and accepts the consequences of his treachery.18 Is glorified (ejdoxa>sqh).Literally, was glorified.The aorist pointsto the withdrawal of Judas.Jesus was glorified through death, and His fatewas sealed (humanly speaking) by Judas going out.He speaks of thedeath and consequent glorification as already accomplished.32.If God be glorified in Him.The most ancient authorities omit.In Himself (ejn eJautw|~).His glory will be contained in and identified withthe divine glory
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