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.The Glorious Revolution in America is traced in David S.Lovejoy, The Glorious Rev-olution in America (New York, 1972), and Leisler s rebellion gets careful treatment inRitchie s Duke s Province.Land s Colonial Maryland follows the Glorious Revolution onits bloodless course through Maryland.Michael G.Hall, Lawrence H.Leder, andMichael G.Kammen, eds., The Glorious Revolution in America (New York, 1972), is a finecollection of original documents on the crisis.Howard M.Peckham gives a concise account of King William s War in The Colo-nial Wars, 1689 1762 (Chicago, 1964).Douglas E.Leach s Arms for Empire: A MilitaryHistory of the British Colonies in North America, 1607 1763 (New York, 1973) is more de-tailed.The literature on the Salem witchcraft trials is voluminous.It includes ElaineBreslaw, Tituba, Reluctant Witch of Salem (New York, 1996), Paul Boyer and StephenNissenbaum, Salem Possessed (Cambridge, Mass., 1974), Larry Gragg, The Salem Witch-craft Crisis (New York, 1992), Peter Charles Hoffer, The Salem Witchcraft Trials: A LegalHistory (Lawrence, Kans., 1998), Hoffer, The Devil s Disciples: Makers of the Salem Witch- 502 BI BLI OGRAPHI C ESSAYcraft Trials (Baltimore, 1996), Mary Beth Norton, In the Devil s Snare (New York, 2002),and Bernard Rosenthal, Salem Story: Reading the Witch Trials of 1692 (Cambridge, 1993).Carol Karlsen explores questions of possession and antifeminism in The Devil in theShape of a Women: Witchcraft in Colonial New England (New York, 1987), while JohnDemos, Entertaining Satan: Witchcraft and the Culture of Early New England (New York,1982), finds that witchcraft accusations grew out of long histories of quarreling, so-cial anxiety and distrust, the breakdown of families, and acute psychological stress.Richard Godbeer, The Devil s Dominion: Magic and Religion in Early New England (Cam-bridge, 1984), suggests that magic and countermagic were part of everyday life inNew England in the seventeenth century.The shift in the evidentiary requirements of English criminal courts is one sub-ject in Barbara J.Shapiro s Beyond Reasonable Doubt and Probable Cause : Historical Per-spectives on the Anglo-American Law of Evidence (Berkeley, Calif., 1991).Brian Levack s TheWitch-Hunt in Early Modern Europe (London, 1995) documents the growing resistanceto conviction among the English judges.Peter Burke s Popular Culture in Early ModernEurope (London, 1978) places the split between high and low cultures at the end ofthe seventeenth century.Michael Winship, Seers of God: Puritan Providentialism in theRestoration and Early Enlightenment (Baltimore, 1996), teases out Cotton Mather s prob-lems with modernity and science.Douglas L.Winiarski, Pale Blewish Lights anda Dead Man s Groan: Tales of the Supernatural from Eighteenth-Century Plymouth,Massachusetts, William and Mary Quarterly 3rd Ser.(1998): 497 530, reminds us thatthe invisible world continued to agitate New Englanders well into the eighteenth cen-tury.A handy summary of the contributions of late-seventeenth-century science isFrederick L.Nussbaum, The Triumph of Science and Reason, 1660 1685 (New York,1953).part ii.from provinces of empire to a new nationElaine Forman Crane, The Diary of Elizabeth Drinker: Life Cycle of an Eighteenth-CenturyWoman (Boston, 1994), 58, is the source of the Drinker diary entry.The classic exposition of American exceptionalism in political science literatureis Louis Hartz, The Liberal Tradition in America (New York, 1955).A more recent socio-logical version of the thesis is Seymour Martin Lipset, American Exceptionalism: ADouble-Edged Sword (New York, 1996).The rise of the term American is traced in Rich-ard L.Merritt, Symbols of American Community, 1735 1775 (New Haven, Conn., 1966).The family analogy concerns Melvin Yazawa in From Colonies to Commonwealth: FamilialIdeology and the Beginnings of the American Republic (Baltimore, 1985).Takaki s views ap-pear in Different Mirror, while Howard Zinn s caution against too self-congratulatorya view of early American society fills his Declarations of Independence: Cross-ExaminingAmerican Ideology (New York, 1990).Gordon Wood s The Radicalism of the American Revolution (New York, 1991) is the BI BLI OGRAPHI C ESSAY 503starting point of debates on the causes and consequences of the Revolution.But Ed-ward Countryman s The American Revolution (New York, 1985) remains an alternativeview, arguing for a radicalism that caused rather than resulted from the separationmovement.Gary B.Nash, The Unknown American Revolution: The Unruly Birth of Democ-racy and the Struggle to Create America (New York, 2005), combines his own and Coun-tryman s view of the importance of radicalism with Merrill Jensen s The New Nation:A History of the United States during the Confederation, 1781 1789 (New York, 1950), ar-guing that the federal Constitution was a conservative counterrevolution.RobertMiddlekauf s The Glorious Cause: The American Revolution, 1763 1789 (New York, 2005)is a fast-paced and entertaining survey of the entire revolutionary era.chapter nine.the empires reinvented, 1660 1763The visit of the four Indian kings is revisited in Eric Hinderaker, The Four IndianKings and the Imaginative Construction of the First British Empire, William andMary Quarterly 3rd ser.53 (1996): 487 522
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